Specification Limits (USL, LSL)

Tolerance limits set by the customer or designer — the reference base of any process capability measure.

Also known as: specification limits, USL, LSL, tolerance

Specification limits define when a characteristic is still acceptable or already defective. They differ fundamentally from a control chart's control limits:

  • USL (Upper Specification Limit) — upper tolerance, from requirement/drawing
  • LSL (Lower Specification Limit) — lower tolerance
  • Nominal / target — optimum value inside the tolerance
  • Tolerance width T = USL − LSL
  • One-sided spec — only USL or LSL is set (e.g. "strength ≥ 500 MPa")

See also

Used in

In the Algorithm Lab

Sources

  • AIAG — Statistical Process Control (SPC) Reference Manual, 2nd Edition
  • Montgomery, D. C. — Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 8th Edition